Question 2: Desert biomes have thorny vegetation.

Step-by-step solution provided.

Question 3: Lumbering activity has developed in Taiga forests.

Step-by-step solution provided.

Question 1: Agriculture in temperate grassland biome.

Step-by-step solution provided.

Question 2: Human Life in Tundra biome.

Step-by-step solution provided.

Question 3: Animal adaptation in grasslands.

Step-by-step solution provided.

Question 1: Biome and Ecosystem.

Step-by-step solution provided.

Question 2: Tropical and Temperate Grassland Biome.

Step-by-step solution provided.

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 (FYJC / HSC) Geography Solutions Chapter 8 Biomes - Digest Answers | Maharashtra Board Solutions

Q: Question 1: A B C (1) Boreal forest (1) Hardwood species of tree (1) Siberia (2) Deserts (2) Tropical deciduous forest (2) Myanmar (3) Teak (3) Wide spectrum of bio-diversity (3) Sahara Desert

A B C (1) Boreal forest (1) Taiga forest (1) Siberia (2) Deserts (2) Narrow spectrum of bio-diversity (2) Sahara Desert (3) Teak (3) Tropical deciduous forest (3) Myanmar (4) Tropical rainforest (4) Hardwood species of tree (4) Brazil

Maharashtra State Board Class 11 Geography Solutions Chapter 8 Biomes

1. (A) Complete the chain.

Question 1 Maharashtra Board Solution

A	B	C
(1) Boreal forest	(1) Hardwood species of tree	(1) Siberia
(2) Deserts	(2) Tropical deciduous forest	(2) Myanmar
(3) Teak	(3) Wide spectrum of bio-diversity	(3) Sahara Desert
(4) Tropical rainforest	(4) Tundra region	(4) Brazil
	(5) Taiga forest	(5) Greenland
	(6) Narrow spectrum of bio-diversity

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

(1) Boreal forest

(1) Taiga forest

(1) Siberia

(2) Deserts

(2) Narrow spectrum of bio-diversity

(2) Sahara Desert

(3) Teak

(3) Tropical deciduous forest

(3) Myanmar

(4) Tropical rainforest

(4) Hardwood species of tree

(4) Brazil

(B) Choose the correct option by identifying the correct correlation in the sentences.

Question 1 Maharashtra Board Solution

Ecosystem consists of interaction between ………………….. and abiotic factors. (a) biotic (b) animals (c) human beings (d) plants

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

(a) biotic

Question 2 Maharashtra Board Solution

The original meaning of savannah is …………………. (a) land with many trees (b) extensive perennial grassland (c) land which is full of trees with much grass (d) land which is without trees but with much grass

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

(b) extensive perennial grassland

Question 3 Maharashtra Board Solution

In Africa, tropical evergreen forest is predominantly found in …………………. (a) Amazon basin (b) Sahara Desert (c) Congo basin (d) Savannah

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Question 4 Maharashtra Board Solution

Mediterranean forest is also known as ………………… forests. (a) hardwood (b) chaparral (c) manmade (d) softwood

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

(b) chaparral

2. (A) Arrange the given statements as per given instructions.

Question 1 Maharashtra Board Solution

Arrange the following biomes in proper order from Equator to Pole. (a) Tundra (b) Tropical Rainforest (c) Boreal forest (d) Sahara Desert

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

(b), (d), (c), (a)

2. (B) Identify the incorrect factor.

Question 1 Maharashtra Board Solution

Trees in the tropical rainforest (a) Mahogany (b) Ebony (c) Pine (d) Rosewood

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Question 2 Maharashtra Board Solution

Temperate grassland in the world (a) Prairies – North America (b) Steppes – Eurasia (c) Downs – Africa (d) Pampas – South America

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Question 3 Maharashtra Board Solution

Major hot deserts in the world are (a) Gobi – Asia (b) Kalahari – Africa (c) Atacama – South America (d) Arabian – Asia.

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

(a) Gobi – Asia

3. Give geographical reasons.

Question 1 Maharashtra Board Solution

The trees in the tropical rainforests are broad-leaved while those in the taiga are coniferous.

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Question 2 Maharashtra Board Solution

Desert biomes have thorny vegetation.

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Therefore, desert biomes have thorny vegetation.

Question 3 Maharashtra Board Solution

Lumbering activity has developed in Taiga forests.

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Hence, lumbering activity has developed in Taiga forests.

Question 4 Maharashtra Board Solution

Mediterranean biome has proved to be a catalyst to the development of cinema industry.

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

4. Write short notes on.

Question 1 Maharashtra Board Solution

Agriculture in temperate grassland biome.

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Question 2 Maharashtra Board Solution

Human Life in Tundra biome.

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Question 3 Maharashtra Board Solution

Animal adaptation in grasslands.

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Question 4 Maharashtra Board Solution

Marine Biomes.

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

The biomes we find in ocean/sea water are called marine biome. Approximately 70% of the earth’s surface is covered by oceans. There are three layers in Marine biomes: (i) Euphotic Layer:

(ii) Disphotic Layer:

(iii) Aphotic layer:

5. Differentiate between

Question 1 Maharashtra Board Solution

Biome and Ecosystem.

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Biome	Ecosystem
(i) An area where different types of flora and fauna live together in the same region in the same type of climatic conditions is called a biome.	(i) In a given region, the interaction between biotic and abiotic factors is known as ecosystem.
(ii) The boundaries of different biomes on land are determined mainly by climatic conditions like rainfall, temperature, humidity, amount of insolation received and soil conditions.	(ii) The biotic factors are plants, animals and bacteria. The abiotic factors consist of soil, water, sunlight and nutrients.
(iii) There can be many ecosystems in a biome.	(iii) There are different trophic levels in an ecosystem.

Question 2 Maharashtra Board Solution

Tropical and Temperate Grassland Biome.

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Tropical Grassland Biome	Temperate Grassland Biome
(i) It is located between 10° to 20° N and S.	(i) It is located between 40° to 55° N and S.
(ii) It is characterised by a continuous cover of perennial grass that grows about 3 m to 6 m height, known as elephant grass and there are a few shrubs and trees.	(ii) Grass is a dominant vegetation. It is soft. Not many types of trees are found. The various species of grass include purple needle grass, blue grama, buffalo grass and galleta.
(iii) It is rich in herbivorous animals like rabbits, antelopes, buffaloes, zebras, rhinos, giraffes, elephants, warthogs, etc. It also supports a number of carnivores like lions, leopards, cheetah, wild dogs, jackals, hyenas, and birds like vultures, great Indian bustards, twitter and ostriches.	(iii) It is rich and varied in animal life. Herbivore animals include gazelles, zebras, wild horses, wolves, deer, rabbits, etc. In the veld grasslands, ostriches are found. In the Downs of Australia, kangaroos and dingoes are found.

Question 3 Maharashtra Board Solution

Human activities in Tropical Evergreen and Monsoon Regions.

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Human activities in Tropical Evergreen	Human activities in Monsoon Regions
(i) Human life is not very easy in this climate.	(i) Human life is easier than that in the rainforest.
(ii) Indigenous humans in these parts are still in their primitive stage.	(ii) Primary and secondary occupations based on forests are found here.
(iii) Indigenous tribes are Pygmies in Congo, Boro Indians in Amazon, Sentinels, Onges, Jarawahs, etc., in Andaman and Nicobar Islands in India.	(iii) Various tribal communities inhabit the regions under this biome.
(iv) They are engaged in primary activities like gathering of forest products, hunting, fishing, etc. Secondary activities are not developed.	(iv) Animal rearing for milk and meat production is carried out. Primary and secondary activities based on forest products are also developed.

6. Answer in detail.

Question 1 Maharashtra Board Solution

Give an account of the Desert Biome with the help of the following points (i) Location (ii) Plant life (iii) Animal life (iv) Human life

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

(i) Location: The Tropical Desert biome has the latitudinal extent of 20° to 30° N and S. (ii) Plant Life : The vegetal life is dispersed. It includes date palms, and thorny trees such as khejari, acacia, and bushes like century plant, cactus, etc. There is hardly any vegetal cover due to the dry climatic conditions. Characteristics of forests:

(iii) Animal life:

Birds : Ostriches, various raptors; guinea fowl and bustards; desert eagle owls and barn owls; sand larks and pale crag martins; and brown-necked and fan-tailed ravens.
Insects : House flies, beetles, moths, types of termites, etc.

(iv) Human life:

Question 2 Maharashtra Board Solution

Explain the reasons behind deforestation in your area. What measures will you suggest to minimize deforestation?

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

I am a resident of Goregaon, very close to the Aarey Colony which was formerly called the Aarey Milk Colony due to the presence of the Aarey Dairy that provided milk to the City of Mumbai. It was once known as the Lungs of Mumbai. It also housed a variety of flora and fauna. But soon deforestation began in phases. First came residential areas, followed by the Film City and now it is the metro car shed. In spite of protests from several citizen’s groups, NGOs and celebrities, more than 2000 trees were felled overnight, forcing the Supreme Court to intervene.

I would suggest the government to shift the metro car shed to some other location and immediately start planting saplings to replace the destroyed trees.

11th Geography Digest Chapter 8 Biomes Intext Questions and Answers

Let us recall.

Look at the fig. 8.1. Answer the following questions (Textbook Page No. 84)

Question 1 Maharashtra Board Solution

What does the figure show?

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

The figure shows the vegetation and animal life from equator to polar areas.

Question 2 Maharashtra Board Solution

What do the numbers on the figure represent?

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

The numbers in the figure represent latitudes.

Question 3 Maharashtra Board Solution

How does the latitude influence vegetation?

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Vegetation in any area depend upon the elements of climate such as temperature, rainfall, humidity, soil condition and amount of insolation received. These conditions vary with latitude. For example, in the lower latitudes that is near the equator there is hot and wet climate, so dense evergreen forests grow. But in higher latitudes due to extreme cold climate and heavy snowfall, there are hardly trees but mosses and lichen grow. Following vegetation grows in different latitudes: 0° to 10° N and S – Dense, evergreen, hardwood forest 5° to 30° N and S – Tropical deciduous forest 10° to 20° N and S – Tropical grasslands 20° to 30° N and S – Tropical Desert. 30° to 40° N and S – Mediterranean (Evergreen and Deciduous Forest) 40° to 50° N and S – Temperate Deciduous Forest. 40° to 55° N and S – Temperate Grasslands. 50° to 55° N – Taiga (Coniferous Forests) 65° to 90° N – Tundra

Question 4 Maharashtra Board Solution

How does Latitude influence the fauna of a place?

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

As the vegetation changes with latitude, depending upon vegetation and climate, fauna also changes as per following.

Birds : Coucal, hornbills, Asian koel, peacock, vultures, falcon, pigeons, sparrows, etc.
Insects : Ants, butterflies, insects and worms are in plenty.

10° to 20° N and S – Rich in herbivore animals, ranging from rabbits to elephants. Main species – antelopes, buffalo, zebra, rhinos, wild beasts, giraffes, warthogs, etc. The carnivore like cats, lions, leopards, cheetah, wild dogs, jackals, hyenas, etc.
Birds : Vulture, great Indian bustards, twitter and ostriches.

20° to 30° N and S – Mainly carnivores, camels, rats, mongoose, desert turtles, many species of snakes, types of lizards, goats, sheep, donkeys, etc.
Insects : Houseflies, beetles, moths, types of termites, etc.

30° to 40° N and S – Rabbits, deer, goats, pigs, horses, brown bears, fox, berry deer, wild cats, goats and sheep.
Birds : Vultures, eagles.
Alligators, reptiles.
Insects : Various types of insects and honeybees.

40° to 50° N and S – Animals having thick and soft fur like brown bears, red fox, sable, mink, etc. are found.
Birds : Peregrine, falcon, woodpecker, cardinals.
Insects : Many types of insects.

40° to 55° N and S – Rich and varied animal life. Herbivores include gazelles, zebras, wild horses wolves, deer, rabbits, coyote is a carnivore. Ostriches are found in veld grasslands. Kangaroos and dingoes are found in the Downs of Australia.

50° to 55° N – The animals have thick hides and a thick layer of fats and are hairy.
E.g., reindeer, grizzly bears, elk, caribou, etc., are herbivores. Fox mountain lions, puma and panthers are the carnivores.

65° N to 90° N – Very scarce animal life. Thick fur and layer of fats in their body helps them to face very cold climate. Herbivores such as musk ox, bears, reindeer, caribou, lemming, rabbits along with carnivores like Arctic fox, dogs, jackals are found.

Birds : Ptarmigan, ravens, snowy owls and redpolls are found. Majority are migrants. Seals, walruses are found in coastal areas.

Question 5 Maharashtra Board Solution

Which latitude will have more biodiversity?

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Biodiversity is very high in 0° to 10° N and S and 5° to 30° N and S.

Question 2 Maharashtra Board Solution

Make a list of products found in your home which have come from this biome. (Textbook Page No. 88)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

This biome is Tropical Deciduous biome. The wood obtained from the teak tree is used for making furniture. Bamboo is used during painting of buildings. Bamboo products like mats, basket is used in our daily life. We use sandalwood soap, agarbatti as well as paste during pujas and rosewood paste for healing of wounds. We also find in our homes many ayurvedic medicines made from plants of these forests.

Think about it.

Question 1 Maharashtra Board Solution

Besides latitudes, what other conditions influence the biome? (Textbook Page No. 84)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Besides latitudes climate, trophic level, human activities development of agriculture, industries, transportation, tourism etc., also influence the biome.

Question 2 Maharashtra Board Solution

In which region in India, is desertification occurring? (Textbook Page No. 89)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Desertification is occurring in Rajasthan, Delhi, Goa, Maharashtra, Jharkhand, Nagaland, Tripura and Himachal Pradesh.

Question 3 Maharashtra Board Solution

Why is this type of biome not found in Southern Hemisphere? (Textbook Page No. 93)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Taiga biome is from 50° to 55° latitude. There is no landmass from 50° to 55° in southern hemisphere, therefore this type of biome is not found in southern hemisphere.

Question 4 Maharashtra Board Solution

Which activities of human life are affected most by the cold climate? (Textbook Page No. 94)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

The very cold climate results in sparse human settlements. It affects human health, the soil and agriculture. Very cold climate causes thick fog that affects aviation, road, railway and water transport.

Try this.

Question 1 Maharashtra Board Solution

Find out more differences between an ecosystem and a biome. You can use the following points: scale of area occupied, types, flow of nutrients and energy, examples, etc. (Textbook Page No. 86)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Biome	Ecosystem
(i) An area where different types of flora and fauna live together in the same region in the same type of climatic conditions is called a biome.	(i) In a given region, the interaction between biotic and abiotic factors is known as ecosystem.
(ii) The boundaries of different biomes on land are determined mainly by climatic conditions like rainfall, temperature, humidity, amount of insolation received and soil conditions.	(ii) The biotic factors are plants, animals and bacteria. The abiotic factors consist of soil, water, sunlight and nutrients.
(iii) There can be many ecosystems in a biome.	(iii) There are different trophic levels in an ecosystem.

Question 2 Maharashtra Board Solution

Write the names of major countries that lie in this biome. (Textbook Page No. 86)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

This is Tropical Rainforest biome. The countries in this biome are Brazil, Congo, Ecuador; Indonesia, Peru, Columbia, Bolivia, Gabon, Guyana, India, Laos, Malaysia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Mexico, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Suriname and Venezuela.

Question 3 Maharashtra Board Solution

Write the names of major countries that lie in this biome. (Textbook Page No. 87)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Central India, Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, southern part of China and northern part of Australia.

Question 4 Maharashtra Board Solution

Write the names of the major countries that lie in this biome. (Textbook Page No. 88)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

This is Savannah Grassland biome Africa : Kenya, Zimbabwe, Botswana, South Africa and Namibia. Australia, Central America : Belize and Honduras. South America : Venezuela and Columbia, Southern Asia.

Question 5 Maharashtra Board Solution

Write the names of the major countries that lie in this biome. (Textbook Page No. 89)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

This is tropical desert biome. Sahara Desert in North Africa, the Australian Desert of Australia, the Arabian Desert and Syrian Desert in Western Asia, the Kalahari Desert in Southern Africa, Sonoran Desert in the U.S. and Mexico, Mojave Desert in the U.S., Thar Desert in India and Pakistan, Dasht-e-Margo and Registan Desert in Afghanistan and Dasht-e-Kavir and Dasht-e Lut in Iran.

Question 6 Maharashtra Board Solution

Write the names of major countries that lie in this biome. (Textbook Page No. 90)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

This is Mediterranean biome. The major countries are Portugal, Spain, southern France, Italy, Yugoslavia, Turkey, Syria, Israel, Lebanon. Northern Africa, central Chile, California in USA, south west Africa and south west Australia.

Question 7 Maharashtra Board Solution

Write the names of the major countries that lie in this biome. (Textbook Page No. 91)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

This biome is Temperate Deciduous biome. The major countries are the eastern parts of the United States and Canada, most of Europe and parts of China and Japan.

Read the following news item. (Textbook Page No. 91)

A grizzly bear that killed a mother and her baby in Yukon last fall was emaciated and desperately pursuing unusual food sources at the time of the attack, according to an investigation by the territory’s government. Valerie Theoret, 37, and her 10-month-old daughter, Adele Roesholt, died on Nov. 26, 2018, when a grizzly bear attacked them near their trapping cabin in the remote Einarson Lake area northeast of the village of Mayo. Gordon Hitchcock, chief conservation officer for the Government of Yukon, said the 18-year-old male grizzly bear was emaciated to the point that it was incapable of hibernation.

Additionally, it was in significant and chronic pain from having eaten a porcupine which bears do not typically eat – and had quills penetrating its digestive system from mouth to stomach, “This bear had started turning to uncommon food sources,” said Mr. Hitchcock, who presented findings of a necropsy in Whitehorse on Wednesday. -CNN News

Question 1 Maharashtra Board Solution

Why do such things occur?

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Such things occur because man has done encroachment in the habitats of animals. Animals are not getting sufficient food, so they are attacking on human beings.

Question 2 Maharashtra Board Solution

Give examples of such similar incidents in Maharashtra wherein some animal has attacked people in particular region.

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

In Junnar taluka in Pune district, leopard attacked and killed one small girl and goat.

Question 1 Maharashtra Board Solution

Write the names of the major countries that lie in this biome. (Textbook Page No. 92)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

The biome is temperate grassland region. The major countries are Prairies in USA and Canada, Steppes in Russia, Downs in Australia, Pampas in Argentina, Veld in south Africa.

Question 2 Maharashtra Board Solution

Write the names of the major countries that lie in this biome. (Textbook Page No. 92)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

This is the Taiga biome. The major countries are parts North America, Eurasia, especially Canada and Russia respectively. In Northern Europe, the countries are Finland, Norway and Sweden and spans across Alaska and Scandinavia.

Question 3 Maharashtra Board Solution

Write the names of the major countries that lie in this biome. (Textbook Page No. 93)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

This is Tundra biome. The major countries in this Biome are parts of the U.S., State of Alaska and the countries of Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Norway and Russia.

Question 4 Maharashtra Board Solution

Write the names of the major regions in this biome. (Textbook Page No. 94)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

This biome is mountain or highland region. The Himalayas in Asia, the Scottish Highlands, the Scandinavian Mountains, American Cordillera in North and South Americas, the Rift mountains of Africa, Carpathian and Pyrenees Mountains in Europe and the Caucasus Mountains.

Can you tell? (Textbook Page No. 86)

Question 1 Maharashtra Board Solution

A person staying in Sahara Desert and a person staying in Arabian Desert belong to the same biome or ecosystem?

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Yes, the person staying in Sahara Desert and a person staying in Arabian desert belong to the same biome or ecosystem, since climatic conditions are same. But there may be slight variation depending upon the impact of human activities.

Question 2 Maharashtra Board Solution

(i) The tropical deserts are mainly found in which direction of the continents? What could be the reason behind their formation there? (ii) In which continent is desert not found? (Textbook Page No. 90)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

(i) Most of the world’s tropical deserts are located in the western margins of continents in the subtropics because the prevailing winds in the tropics are Tropical Easterly Winds. The Tropical Easterly Winds become dry by the time they reach the western margins of the continents and so they bring no rainfall.

(ii) There is no continent without a desert region. Despite its thick ice, Antarctica is classified as a desert because very little moisture falls from the sky.

Question 3 Maharashtra Board Solution

In India, where do you find such fruits? What are the reasons for them being found here? (Textbook Page No. 93)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

The fruits like raspberry, strawberry, blueberry, gooseberry, salmonberry are found in the twin hill towns of Panchgani and Mahabaleshwar because of the cool climate in the summers.

Find out! (Textbook Page No. 86)

Question 1 Maharashtra Board Solution

Find out the regions in this biome where plantation agriculture has developed.

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

The regions where plantation agriculture is developed are tea plantations in NE India and Indonesia, coffee, cocoa and rubber plantations in Brazil, sugarcane plantations in Java island, rubber plantations in Malaysia and Indonesia, cocoa and coffee plantations in Africa.

Question 2 Maharashtra Board Solution

Look for the names of the tribes dependent on this biome in India including Maharashtra along with their habitats and show them on a map of India. (Textbook Page No. 87)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

Major Tribes in India

Question 3 Maharashtra Board Solution

Obtain information regarding the tribes inhabiting this biome. Find out about their habitat, lifestyle, conventional ways of living with nature, cultural heritage, etc. (Textbook Page No. 89)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

This Biome is the Savannah Grassland biome. The Masai is a Nilotic ethnic group.

Question 4 Maharashtra Board Solution

Find out the names of countries who produce and export wheat and maize. (Textbook Page No. 92)

Solution & Step-by-Step Answer:

The countries which produce and export wheat are Canada, USA, European union, Russian federation. The countries which produce and export maize are USA, Argentina, Brazil, Russian federation, and Ukraine.

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Chapter 8 Biomes Solutions